Panchadha Sambhanda

Panchadha Sambhanda or compound relationship is a key tenet in vedic astrology. This principle grades the relationship between two grahas on a five-point scale. The values in the scale are –

1. Extreme Friendship
2. Friendship
3. Neutral
4. Enmity
5. Extreme Enmity

What does it determine?

In vedic astrology there are three factors in evaluating the effect of a graha. The first is its strength. This is second is its auspiciousness. The last is its activation. A graha can be strong or weak, give good or bad results, and be activated or dormant. Therefore, for positive results, the graha should be strong, good, and active. Panchadha sambhanda helps determine auspiciousness. It is the key component of the Vimshopaka Bala calculation.

What is the rationale?

The rationale is simple. You tend to do good things when you are happy and you are most happy when you are in comfortable surroundings. Grahas in all charts are in houses. The house can be your own house, a friend’s house, a neutral place, or an enemy’s house. A graha in its own house is the most auspicious. The next best placement is being in one’s best friend’s house. The worst placement is being in one’s enemy’s house. The panchadha sambhanda scale provides two levels for friends and enemies each to provide more granularity.

How is it determined?

There are two factors involved in the process. Hence the word “compound”. The first is natural or naisargika relationship. The second is temporal or tatkalika relationship. Natural relationship is the same for all charts. For example, Sun is friendly with Moon, is enemies with Saturn, and is neutral towards Mercury. Temporal friendship changes in each natal chart. In temporal friendship the grahas in the neighboring houses (2,3,4,12,11,10) are friendly and the rest are enemies. So, natural has three levels and temporal has 2 levels. When you combine the two you get 6 combinations and 5 outcomes.

Example Chart – Bill Gates

Now let us look at Sun’s relationship with the other grahas. We exclude Rahu and Ketu for this analysis.

Therefore, in Bill Gates’ natal chart, Sun is extremely friendly with Jupiter and Mars. On the other hand, Sun forms extreme enmity with Venus and Saturn. Mercury is a friend and Moon is neutral.

So, when Sun is in its own sign (Leo) or in Mars’ signs (Aries and Scorpio) or in Jupiter’s signs (Sagittarius and Pisces), in any of the divisional charts, it is very happy and produces very auspicious results.

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